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SUMMARY: Bertrand Russell (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) British philosopher, historian, logician, mathematician
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Bertrand Russell was born on May 18, 1872 and died on February 2, 1970. Most of Bertrand Russell’s life was spent as a British philosopher, historian, logician, mathematician, advocate for social reform, and pacifist. He is considered one of the greatest logicians of his time. In 1950, Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, “in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought”.

Bertrand Russell had two older siblings. His older sister Rachel was four years older than him. His older brother Frank was almost seven years older than him. In June 1974 his beloved mother passed away. She died of diphtheria. This was a hard time for Bertrand Russell because he loved his mother dearly. Rachel died shortly after the death of their mother and that was also a hard time for him. In January 1876 his father passed away leaving him and his brother alone in the world. He later found out that his father passed away from bronchitis this was due to his father’s bad smoking problem. In 1878 his grandfather, who had been Prime Minister passed away. He was also very close to his grandfather; this was one of the reasons that his depression lasted so long.

Death was prevalent in his life. Amberly was his wife but she passed away and left the children to Bertrand Russell. She had asked in her will that the kids be raised as agnostics but Burtrand refused. After his wife’s death he became very lonely.

In his early life Bertrand Russell won a mathematics scholarship to Cambridge university, There he quickly distinguished himself with mathematics and philosophy. He also did a lot of traveling.

He traveled with some friends of his grandfather; he was able to clime the Eiffel tower. He got to climb it shortly after it was built. He had a lot of schooling and was a very bright young man who was dedicated and deserved the scholarship.

Russell began his published work in 1896 with German Social Democracy. This was a written study in politics. He showed in this work his deep interest in political and social theory.

He worked hard in his life to further his education, as well as the education of others. In fact, in 1896, he taught German social democracy at the London School of Economics, where he also lectured on the science of power.

Bertrand Russell was a huge figure in social reform at this time, his written works, political stands, groups he joined and more. Russell became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1908, and in 1910 publish the first of three volumes of Principia Mathematica, written with Whitehead.

During the First World War, Russell engaged in pacifist activities, and, in 1916, he was dismissed from Trinity College for this reason. He also served six months in prison for this.

In August 1920, Russell went to Russia to investigate the effects of the Russian Revolution. During the course of his visit, he met Lenin and had an hour-long conversation with him.

Russell subsequently lectured in Beijing on philosophy for one year, but became gravely ill with pneumonia, and incorrect reports of his death were published in the Japanese press.

After the Second World War, Russell taught at the University of Chicago but later returned to England

During the 1940s and 1950s, Russell was asked to give his opinion all over the world because of his fame and position.

He survived a plane crash and the fame of that helped his literary career.

Russell spent the 1950s and 1960s engaged in various political causes, primarily related to nuclear disarmament and opposing the Vietnam war. He is a notable author and public figure.

SUMMARY: Benjamin Disraeli (21 December 1804–19 April 1881) British Prime Minister
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Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, KG, PC, FRS was a British Conservative statesman who had much success politically, as well as being a literary figure. He served in government for three decades, twice as Prime Minister, and wrote several books.

Benjamin Disraeli was the first person of Jewish parentage to serve as Prime Minister. Disraeli is credited with the creation of the modern Conservative Party after the Corn Laws schism of 1846.

Benjamin Disraeli was born in the city of London. He was born on December 21, 1804. He was one of the greatest author’s and illustrators of his time, besides being a politician.

His father groomed him for a career in law, and Disraeli was articled to a solicitor in 1821. Law was not of an interest to him at the time, and in 1825 he had given it up. He speculated on the stock exchange on various South American mining companies, and formed some ties during this time that would later help him politically. Benjamin tried to start a paper, and it failed, and his debts were large, so he turned to writing literature.

Isaac Disraeli, Benjamin Disraeli’s father was very interested in literature. Benjamin Disraeli like his father found literature very interesting, and this interest combined with large debts fueled his ambitions to write. His first novel was “Vivian Grey” and it was published in 1826.

All of his books sold very well and were very popular. His second book “The Young Duke” was written in 1831. He wrote a third book in1832 and the book was called “Contarini Fleming.”

1. The Vivian Grey, 1826
2. The Young Duke, 1831
3. Contarini Fleming, 1832
4. Alroy was published in1833
5. Henrietta Temple was published in1837
6. Venetia and it was published in1837

All of these books were very popular and made him wealthy. But in addition to that, his ability to write helped form his political career. Benjamin Disraeli found himself very interested in politics and studied it. In the early 1830’s he stood in many different elections. His first real efforts, however, did not come until 1832, during the great crisis over the Reform Bill, when he contributed to an anti-Whig pamphlet. His political career was relatively unsuccessful at first. But finally he won a seat in the House of Commons in 1837 representing the constituency of Maidstone.

In 1839 Benjamin Disraeli married a widow who was fairly wealthy. Her name was Mrs. Wyndham Lewis. Their marriage was a great success.

On many occasions Benjamin Disraeli would make random remarks about how he had married for money at first. His wife however replied by saying that if he was to do it again that he would do it out of love. It just took him more time to realize it.

After that he got married and settled down then his writing was his life he had fun writing and he did it for the rest of his life in addition to politics.

The Conservative Party Split in 1846 had profound implications for Disraeli’s political career: almost every Conservative politician with official experience followed Peel, leaving the rump bereft of leadership. Benjamin Disraeli was there to fill the gap. The time was one of political turmoil, party confusion, and reform bills, but through it all Disreali brought many great changes to Parliament, including reforming acts about Jews holding office, and the formation of the modern Conservative party.

Benjamin Disraeli’s life in a time frame,

• 1804, He was born
• 1817, He was baptized
• 1825, Joins the stock market
• 1826, Starts to become a journalist
• 1827, Published his first book
• 1831, Meets his new wife
• 1832, Alroy gets published
• 1839, He gets married
• 1848, His father dies
• 1853, receives a degree from Oxford.
• 1868, is elected and resigns as Prime Minister.
• 1874, Disraeli and the Conservative Party won the election.
• 1876, elevated to the House of Lords by Queen Victoria
• 1881, April 19, was the year he died

Benjamin Disraeli was a very talented political figure and was an accomplished writer. He was and is unusual among British Prime Ministers for having gained equal social and political renown.

SUMMARY: Ayn Rand (2/2/1905 – March 6, 1982) Russian novelist, philosopher, playwright, screenwriter
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Ayn Rand was born on February 2, 1905 in Russia. Ayn Rand died on March 6, 1982. She was only 77 years old when she died. She was a novelist and a great philosopher.

At age six. Ayn Rand taught herself to read and two years later discovered her first fictional hero. This heroic vision sustained her throughout her life. Whens he turned nine she decided to make a career of fiction writing. She was determined from a young age.

Ayn witnessed the Kerensky Revolution, which she supported, and—in 1917—the Bolshevik Revolution, which she denounced from the outset. These two revolutions helped her form her opinions that are seen throughout her novels. The reason is that, in order to escape the fighting, her family went to the Crimea. The final Communist victory brought the confiscation of her father’s pharmacy and periods of near-starvation that made her doubt the government and look for something better. When introduced to American history in her last year of high school, she immediately took America as her model of what a nation of free men could be.

Although she had many talents, however, Ayn Rand was best known for her top selling novels: The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged.

Ayn Rand’s writing was both fiction and nonfiction. She was a defender of capitalism and of individual rights. She believed that to have a good and proper government, people need to have individual rights.

She though that people should have their own opinion. She also thought that people should be able to own land and have property rights. She was the type of person that would fight for something she believed in.

She believed that people should base their actions and choices only because of their own personal reason or opinion. She also hade a theory of life and it was that any person should live for their own rational self interests and for their own happiness.

She also believed that the government should protect people from criminal activity. The fact that people could be forced to do things was incorrect in her mind. She had a lot of great opinions and thoughts on how to make the world a better place.

She attended the University of Petrograd to study philosophy and history. She graduated in 1924. She entered the State Institute for Cinema Arts in 1924 to study screenwriting.

In February 1926, Ayn arrived in the United States. She came in by ship, and she first settled in New York City. The thing she loved about New York was the City’s Skyline. She later described the skyline in her novel the Fountainhead. Although she told the Russians she only intended a short visit to the US, her intention was to never return to Russia.

After a brief stay with her relatives in Chicago she extended her visa and moved to Hollywood. She set out for Hollywood to become a screenwriter. Ayn Rand viewed herself as a philosopher and a novelist. She had stated, “I am both of them and for the same reason.”

Ayn Rand’s novels sell about three thousand copies a year. She encourages readers to think big about themselves. She said, “Build big and you will earn big.”

Ayn Rand’s first literary success the Red Pawn came to screen play for the first time in 1932. Ayn Rand also wrote the play The Night Of January 16 and it first came out in 1934. This particular play was played on Broadway.

She began writing The Fountainhead in 1935. The Fountainhead was rejected by twelve publishers but finally accepted by the Bobbs-Merrill Company. When published in 1943, it made history by becoming a best seller through word-of-mouth two years later. Through this book Ayn Rand gained lasting recognition as a champion of individualism.

Ayn began her major novel, Atlas Shrugged, in 1946, but was splitting her time between that and screen play writing. In 1951 she moved back to New York City and devoted herself full time to the completion of Atlas Shrugged. It was published in 1957, Atlas Shrugged was her greatest achievement and last work of fiction.

She published and edited her own periodicals from 1962 to 1976, and spent her time writing and lecturing on philosophy.

Ayn died on March 6, 1982, in her New York City apartment.

Overall Ayn Rand was a fantastic writer. She had many ways of looking at the different views of the world. Ayn Rand lived a long and successful life. She had fun writing her books and she never stopped because she wanted people to see what she saw in her novels.

SUMMARY: Arthur C. Clarke (born 16 December 1917) British science fiction author, inventor, and futurist
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Sir Arthur C. Clarke has published a great deal of science nonfiction, most of it speculative essays about the future. These works include The Exploration of Space (1951); The Challenge of the Spaceship: Previews of Tomorrow’s World (1959); Profiles of the Future: An Enquiry into the Limits of the Possible (1962); The Promise of Space (1968); and Report on Planet Three and Other Speculations (1972).

Although known for this, he is best known for being a central figure in twentieth-century British science fiction. He has applied his considerable knowledge of science to the writing of his fiction, making him one of the foremost writers of “hard science fiction”. However, he is also able to show a cosmic vision of humanity’s place in the universe.

His ability to balance scientific and technological with transcendental makes Clarke’s works one of the most distinctive contribution to modern science fiction.

Arthur C. Clarke was born in Mindhead Summerset, United Kingdom. When he was a younger boy he enjoyed strategizing and reading old American science fiction pulp magazines.

After he finished his secondary schooling he was no longer able to afford the schools tuition so there for he was forced to drop out and get a job. He got a job as an auditor at the pensions section of the board of education.

During the Second World War he served in the Royal Air Force. In the Air force Arthur C. Clarke worked as a radar specialist. He was also involved in making the early warning radar service. This was later used in the battle with the British.

Arthur C. Clarke actually used most of his time wail he was in the Air Force working on practical uses in the war. After the War Arthur C. Clarke had went back to school and in school he earned his first degree in mathematics, and physics at kings collage London, in London.

In the postwar years, Arthur C. Clarke became involved with the British. For some time Arthur C. Clarke served as a chairman for the British. One of Arthur C. Clarke most important contributions was the idea that geostationary satellites would be the ideal telecommunications relays.

Arthur C. Clarke also had written a lot of non-fictional books. His book mostly described the technical details of rocketry and space flight. The most popular book of Arthur C. Clarke’s was one named “The Exploration of Space.”

Arthur C. Clarke had a few of his books published in the years throughout 1937 and 1945. His first professional sale of a book was sold in a store named The Outstanding Science Fiction; the book first came out in 1946.

Arthur C. Clarke’s first book was the Rescue Party; this book was first published in may. Wail Arthur C. Clarke was writing he also had a job as an assistant editor. This was before he got serious about his writing. After he got devoted to his writing he started writing more and more. Arthur C. Clarke firs started writing the most from 1951 onward.

In 1948, Arthur C. Clarke wrote a book named “The Sentinel”. He wrote this book for a BBC competition. Although the book was rejected it meant something to Mr. Clark. This was the book that changed Arthur C. Clarke’s writing and his career.

In 1953 Clark kind of made a choice to settle down he found himself a wife named Marylyn Mayfield. Just as fast as he found a wife he married her. Marylyn Mayfield was a twenty two year old woman. She was also an American. Marylyn also had been divorced and had a son. After about six months Marylyn Mayfield and Arthur C. Clarke had broken up although the divorce wasn’t finalized yet.

Arthur C. Clarke has lived in Sri Lanka ever science 1956. He first moved there when the name of it was still Ceylon. No one knows why he stays there but what ever it is, it has kept him there a long time.

Clarke is fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and recipient of many awards for his science fiction. He was the guest of honour at the 1956 World Science Fiction Convention, when he won a Hugo for his story “The Star”. “Rendezvous with Rama” won the Nebula and Hugo Awards, and the John W. Campbell Memorial Award. Clarke has also won the Franklin Gold Medal, and in 1962 the UNESCO-Kalinga Prize for popularizing science.

Arthur C. Clarke later came to write a series of books, and he called them “The Profiles of the Future.” These books first came out in book form in 1962.

Also in 1962 Clarke became completely paralyzed after an accidental blow to the head. He wrote “Dolphin Island” as his farewell to the sea. After recovering Clarke started his cooperation with the director Stanley Kubrick and later he accompanied his friend Mike Wilson on an underwater adventure six miles off the coast of Sri Lanka, which was depicted in “The Treasure of the Great Reef” written in 1964.

In the 1980’s he starred on a television series, and lectured throughout the US and Britain. He resides in Sri Lanka.

SUMMARY: Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) Greek philosopher
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Aristotle was born in the town of Stageira, Chalcidice. He was born and lived from 384 BC to 322 BC. He is most known for influencing Western thought, working with Plato, and his philosophical works. Many know his works and his teachings. These are followed in many different settings. Let’s take a look at some of the great works and events in his life.

His father was the physician to King Amyntas of Macedon. Aristotle was first taught and educated as one of the members of the aristocracy. At only the young age of thirteen he went on to continue his education at the Plato’s Academy. Aristotle attended the academy for about twenty years studying under and working with Plato to create great thought. He later went off to teach on his own.

After the death of Plato (347 BC), Aristotle went with Xenocrates to the court of Hermias, ruler of Atarneus in Asia Minor, and married his niece and adopted daughter, Pythias. In 344 BCE, Hermias was murdered in a rebellion, and Aristotle went with his family to Mytilene. Then, one or two years later, he was summoned to his native Stagira by King Philip II of Macedon to become the tutor of Alexander the Great, who was then 13.

Aristotle’s second wife Herpyllis gave him a son and he decided to name his son after his father Nicomachus because he wanted someone to carry his fathers name on. Heritage was a very important factor during that time. Thus showing the importance of keeping family names alive.

Aristotle’s theory of logic was very popular and was used for many years. Prior to the advances in mathematical logic, this was the dominant theory of logic.

In 335 BC Aristotle started his own school of philosophy. Aristotle was a great teacher. He was taught at Plato’s Academy. He was the teacher to Alexander the Great. Then taught at his own school. During this time he wrote discourses and papers on many different subjects including: theater, music, logic, government, zoology, biology, and many more.

Aristotle and Plato were some of the greatest and most important philosophers of their time. His philosophies are still considered great today, and his thoughts are studied all over the world.

Aristotle is memorable because with Plato, they were the first people to systematize science and philosophy. This was something that was hard to do, and took lots of discipline. What he thought about physics made a huge impact on every one throughout the midlevel times.

The accuracy of his inferences was only proven in the last century. All aspects of Aristotle’s theory continue to be the object of academic study even in the world today. Although Aristotle wrote a lot of intelligent and interesting treatises most of them are now lost to the world today.

Over the years many of the writings of Aristotle have been lost. While some has been rediscovered, it is believed that only about one fifth of the writings of Aristotle actually exist now, and that the rest have disappeared to history.

Aristotle’s scientific method is referred to as the unconditional basis of phenomena. The philosophic method implied that ascent from the study of particular phenomena. There are many different ideas that came to play from this type of thinking.

In physics there were five elements that were looked at in the overall theory used. These are fire, earth, air, water and Aether. Each of these earthly elements has their place in the natural places and universe.

Aristotle is one of the key reasons we have the theories of logic we have today. His philosophies and teachings brought a heightened sense of morality that we live with today. Aristotle also created levels of ethics that have gained popular use and structure for our everyday lives, including many uses in business atmospheres.

While many of Aristotle’s works have been lost, there is enough out there through teachings, and learning for us to know that Aristotle was an amazing person, teacher and student. His theory of thought is often times considered one of the most influential that was put together by any single mind.

SUMMARY: Anne Sullivan (April 14, 1866 – October 20, 1936) American teacher, famous for teaching Helen Keller
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Anne Sullivan was born on April 14th, 1866. She passed away on October 20th 1936. Anne Sullivan is best known for being the tutor or teacher for Helen Keller. Born in Massachusetts, she learned to be a teacher in the subsection town Feeding Hills, in the town of Agawam. You might have heard Anne Sullivan referred to as Annie in many different settings.

She started out her life with meager means of livelihood, and limited education. However, this was not enough to stop her from finding out what the entire world had to offer. This is just a brief biography to help gain a little further understanding of this fascinating teacher, and human being.

Her family came over from Ireland and worked as impoverished cooks. During the potato famish in 1847 their family made the steps to living in the United States.

Anne Sullivan lost her beloved mother at the early age of nine. She learned what hard times were at a very young age. Her father however, maintained the Irish traditions, which gave her hope.

When Anne Sullivan was ten it was necessary for her and her brother to move in with other family members. This then led to them both being sent to Tewksbury Almshouse. She and her younger brother spent most of their time together. Though, the life of her brother also resulted in tragedy. This was because he had poor health due to tubercular hip. This resulted in his young death.

At a very early age around three years old Anne Sullivan began to have issues with her eyesight. At age 5 she contracted the bacteria infection trachoma. The blindness is caused by the scaring that bacterium will cause to the tissue in the eyes. Though Anne Sullivan underwent a great deal of surgeries for her eyes, the attempts were in vain.

In 1880 Anne Sullivan attended the Perkins School For the Blind. She graduated Valedictorian in the year of 1888. She had regained her eyesight, however had possessed the gained understanding of what the illness and challenge of blindness caused.

This new understanding is what was the starting point for her to begin teaching Helen Keller. She was Helen Keller’s governess. She had begun to teach Helen the sign language alphabet, and then much more.

In 1888 she and Helen Keller went to the Perkins Institute together. Then from there they went to the Wright-Humanson School. Then the two of them went to the Radcliff College. This was the path of learning and great friendship.

The representation for this life story and biography was explained in somewhat great detail in the story of the Miracle Worker, written by William Gibson. It was a beautiful story that created warmth in the learning and growth of vision loss as a challenge all over the world.

In the later parts of Anne Sullivan’s, and Helen Keller’s lives, there was an addition to the friendship, Polly Thompson. She acted as a secretary and assistant. The three women, all with different strengths, began to travel and teach others. They gave lectures, performances, and much more. They began to work for the American Foundation for the blind.

SUMMARY: Carl Rogers (January 8, 1902 – February 4, 1987) American psychologist
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Carl Rogers is one of the founding members of the humanistic approach to psychology. He is one of America’s most influential psychologists. He changed many ways in which people look at psychology and how they are treated in the psychology professions.

He was born Carl Ransom Rogers in January of 1902 to a civil engineer and homemaker in Oak Park, Illinois. He was the fourth child of the couple’s six children. His education was in a strict religious and ethical environment and he became isolated. Because of his isolation and discipline he began to acquire a knowledge and appreciation for the scientific method.

He attended the University of Wisconsin-Madison where his first choice of study was agriculture followed by history and then religion. In 1922 at the age of 20 he traveled to Peking, China for an international Christian conference. He began to doubt his religious convictions and proceeded to attend a seminar entitled Why am I entering the ministry? this is where he decided to change his career plans.

He spent two years in the seminary and then attended Teachers College at Columbia University where he earned his M.A. in 1928 and his Ph. D. in 1931. He did some child study at Society for the prevention of cruelty to children while finishing his doctoral degree; he became the society’s director in 1930.

He became a professor at the Ohio State University in 1940 after his first book The Clinical Treatment of the Problem Child. In 1942 he wrote his second book entitled Counseling and Psychotherapy: Newer concepts in practice. In this book he stated the client that has an understanding and accepting relationship with their therapist can then resolve any difficulties they are having and restructure their lives. In 1945 he helped set up the counseling center at the University of Chicago. He then published his best work in 1951 called Client-Centered Therapy where he talks about his basic theory of psychology.

His basic theory of psychology is a belief that mental health is a normal progression of life and that people are basically good or healthy. His theory is very mature and well thought out; it is logically tight and has a broad application. His theory is simple and is built on a single force of life he calls and actualizing tendency. It is defined as a built-in motivation present in every life-form to develop its potentials to the fullest extent possible. He believed that all creatures tried to make the very best of their existence. He later wrote 16 more books and may journals in describing his belief on the basic principles of psychology.

He became the first president of the American Academy of Psychotherapists in 1956. He became Humanist of the year in 1956 and received an invitation to join the Western Behavioral Science Institute. He moved to California for this and did research until leaving in 1968 to begin the Center for Studies of the Person. He continued to live in California until his death in 1987. During these last years he did therapy, speeches and writings. Most notably he traveled the world to apply his behavioral theories to areas of national conflict, including the blacks and whites in South Africa and the Protestants and Catholics of Northern Ireland.

He worked with his daughter Natalie Rogers from 1975-1980 in residential programs that focused on the person centered approach of psychology. These workshops focused on many of his basic theories which included a focus on cross-cultural communications, personal growth, self empowerment, and social change.

Carl Rogers’s studies are in wide use in the psychology field. It is still practiced and studied to this day. In a study Rogers was found to be the sixth most eminent psychologist of the twentieth century second to Sigmund Freud. Had he not taken that class on Ministry then how would the world of psychology been altered?

SUMMARY: Anatole France (16 April 1844 – 12 October 1924) French author
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Anatole France was a French author born April 16, 1844, in Paris, France. Anatole was the son of a bookseller. Anatole’s given name is Francois Anatole Thibault but he wrote under the name of Anatole France. His father’s bookstore was called the Librairie France. Anatole spent most of his life around books. Anatole studied at the Colloege Stanislas, a boy’s school in Paris. He was not the best student and came away with a dislike for the church. Anatole continued to help his father at the bookstore after his graduation. He also studied at the Ecole des Chartes for a while. His love for literature developed at an early stage in life.

Although he held many different positions for about 20 years, he still had time for his own writings. In 1876 he became the assistant librarian at the French Senate. He held this position until 1890 and was able to continue his own writings.

Anatole France was married to Valarie Guerin de Sauville on April 28, 1877. The two had one daughter, Suzanne. The marriage ended in 1893. They were divorced after many years of his affair with Arman de Caillavet, who was the love of his life. Anatole was married again on October 11,1920 to Emma Laprevotte. They were married until Anatole’s death in 1924.

The ending of Anatole France’s life was not without trial. His daughter, Suzanne died in 1917. His mistress Arman de Caillavet became ill and died in 1910. He had begun to have affairs with other women and deceived his mistress and his housekeeper, Emma Laprevotte, who he married later. He also had an affair with an American woman who killed herself in 1911 because of his desertion.

Anatole is mostly known for his works as a novelist and a storyteller. However there is hardly a writing classification that he did not touch on. Anatole was considered a mainstream writer of French classicism.

Anatole first great success came after he had written many stories and novels in 1881. He wrote The Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard. For this he was elected to and became a member of the Academie francaise in 1896. His novel received a prize from the Academie Francaise because the novel embodied France’s own personality.

In 1885 Anatole France published My Friend’s Book, which was a sort of autobiography novel. He continued with a few more follow up novels in the autobiography style, there was Pierre Noziere, 1899, Le Petit Pierre, 1918 and The Bloom of Life, 1922. From 1888 to 1892 Anatole France was the literary critic of Le Temps, A French newspaper.

Anatole France joined his fellow writer, Emile Zola, in the protest during the Alfred Dryfus affair. Anatole signed Zola’s manifesto, which publicly condemned the indictment of treason against Dryfus. In 1901, France wrote about the affair in his book Monsieur Bergeret. Anatole didn’t like the way Alfred Dryfus was being used as a scapegoat to protect corrupt officials in the army.

Anatole France’s later works include Penguin Island, 1908 and The Revolt of the Angels, 1914. The Revolt of Angels is considered France’s most profound novel.

Anatole France made great contributions in Literature and in 1921 he was given t the Nobel Prize. He died October 12,1924 in Tours, France. He was buried in the Neully-sur-Seine community cemetery near Paris. France had some of the top ranking French government officials at his funeral.

The Catholic Church in the Index of Forbidden Books kept Anatole France’s literary writing in the 1920s and would not release them. His works were released and published between 1925 and 1935. The works were published in 25 volumes.